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Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 22(2): 116-120, abr.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-703778

ABSTRACT

Se denomina espacio biológico a la unión dentogingival que está constituida por el epitelio de unión y el tejido conectivo de inserción de la encía. Cuando se habla de espacio biológico no sólo se debe pensar en la longitud de la inserción gingival, sino que se debe relacionar con el grosor de la encía, el biotipo periodontal y la profundidad del surco gingival. Una vez invadida la unión dentogingival, el tipo de manifestación clínica que se produce va a ser distinta según los casos debido a la susceptibilidad del paciente que puede estar relacionado a otros factores, el tejido puede reaccionar favorablemente o no, si así fuese se optaría por procedimientos que involucren la modificación de la prótesis y/o de los tejidos blandos. Ésta investigación bibliográfica reúne información que muestra la importancia de cuidar y mantener el espacio biológico cuando se hacen restauraciones que puedan comprometerla y la ventaja de emplear tecnología CAD/CAM para el éxito de la adaptación del tejido periodontal que conforma el espacio biológico.


It is called biologic width to the dento-gingival junction which consists of the junctional epithelium and connective tissue insertion of the gum. When talking about biological width must not only think about the length of the gingival attachment, it must be related to the thickness of the gingiva, periodontal biotype and depth of gingival sulcus, since all these parameters are integrated and should be considered to accurately understand the morphology of the supracrestal gingival tissue. The variability of dimensions of the epithelial and connective tissue components between individuals and even within the same individual is another factor to be considered. Once it has invaded the dento-gingival junction, the type of clinical manifestation that occurs will be different depending on the case, and that we should not forget that the answer is related to the susceptibility of the patient to periodontal disease, as well other factors. Once over the biologic width tissue may react favorably or not, if so they would opt for procedures that involve tissue engineering, both the gingival and the support. This literature review gathers information that demonstrates the importance of protecting and maintaining biological width when doing restorations can be compromised and the advantage of using CAD / CAM for the successful adaptation of the periodontal tissue that forms the biological width.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Computer-Aided Design , Epithelial Attachment , Periodontics , Dental Prosthesis , Connective Tissue
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